WordPress Glossary 10 Commonly Used WordPress Terms Explained

At the point when you initially begin with WordPress, its simple to feel overpowered by the volume and assortment of terms the WordPress people group employments. To help, we made this WordPress glossary of the most significant terms and qualifications with the goal that you can rapidly get up to speed.By the finish of this post, youll know the distinction between front-end and back-end, how gadgets and gadget territories interface, what a subject structure is, and a ton more! In one short sentence  WordPress.org is an open-source programming offering and WordPress.com is a serviceâ built on the open-source WordPress.org software.With WordPress.org, you have to discover reasonable facilitating, download the WordPress programming, and introduce it on your server. It gives you full adaptability to deal with your site, pick topics, modules, and augmentations, and you thoroughly own your information. WordPress.org additionally places you in all out command over your site and permits y ou toâ monetize it freely.In differentiate, with WordPress.com you essentially pursue a facilitated WordPress administration that deals with site the board totally. It confines your selection of topics and modules (except if you pay for the most costly plan)â and you don't have full authority over your information, yet it is more fledgling friendly.WordPress.comWordPress.orgServiceOpen-source softwareHosted and managedSelf hostedLimited selection of subjects and pluginsFull opportunity to pick topics and pluginsLimited power over your dataFull command over your dataIf you ever need to switch, its not very hard to move your site from WordPress.com to WordPress.org.Go to top2. Blog and websiteThe contrast between a site and a blog lies mostly in the manner information is presented.A site is an assortment of pages where the substance once in a while changes. Then again, a blog is an assortment of posts refreshed routinely with new substance. While a site is various leveled in nature, blog entries show up backward sequential order.Usually, a blog is conversational and it empowers two-route correspondence with your perusers. Not so with a site, which is frequently value-based empowering selling, structure entries and the like.BlogWebsiteCollection of postsCollection of pagesConversationalTransactionalChronologicalHierarchicalTimely contentTimeless contentIts simple to make a blog with WordPress. Truth be told, you can likewise add a blog highlight to any WordPress website.*Blogs are in fact still sites were simply attempting to draw a differentiation between how a great many people utilize the two terms.Go to top3. Classes and tagsCategories and labels assist you with adding extra association and arrangement to your WordPress content and are in this manner a significant piece of this WordPress glossary:Tags portray a post in a particular way and can frequently be watchwords identifying with the post content in some way.Categories are more extensive in nature than labels and help to bunch comparable posts and subjects together.Usually, you need to utilize a solitary classification for each post, however you can utilize numerous tags.For model, on the off chance that you compose a games blog:Basketball would make a goodâ category for all b-ball related posts.Michael Jordan and Chicago Bulls would be two goodâ tags for a post explicitly about Michael Jordan.CategoriesTagsMandatoryOptionalHierarchicalFlatBroad basedMore specificIf you don't classify a post it will appear as uncategorized on your blog (however you can transform it in choices). Be that as it may, its not obligatory to label all posts. Truth be told, we dont use labels here at Themeisle just categories.Go to top4. Front-end and back-endIn a nutshell, the front-end is that piece of the site that is obvious to the open when they visit your site. The back-end is the place you include new substance, arrange alternatives, and choose how your front-end will look and feel.All the pages that control your site’s choices and settings are all in all called Administration Screens and make up the back-end. Just approved clients can get to the back-end. They can make, erase or change content and modify format and plan. Then again, any easygoing site guest can see the front-end.Front-endBack-endMostly inactive viewingActive managementAnyone can accessOnly approved clients have accessControlled by back-endControls the front-endWhat a guest seesWhat site administrators seeGo to top5. Modules and extensionsTheres actually no unmistakable line isolating modules and expansions. You could state a module is a bit of programming that expands usefulness or adds explicit highlights to WordPress. Expansions, then again, add highlights or capacities to explicit modules or themes.For model, a module or subject creator may permit different designers to add augmentations to the base module or topic, or that engineer may offer their own extensions.PluginsExtensionsGenerally broad ens WordPress functionsUsually expands topic and module functionsEnables WordPress center to remain lightEnables topics and modules to remain lightOffers extra highlights to WordPress usersOffers extra highlights to explicit topic and module usersWhen engineers make a module extensible, it permits them to keep basic capacities and extra capacities isolated. It likewise improves the extension for future turn of events. Clients also have a choice to buy only the highlights they need in a module, with additional highlights packaged into extensions.Plugins empower the WordPress center to stay lean and light. Augmentations do likewise for modules (and themes).Go to top6. Pages and postsPages and posts are next on our WordPress glossary. Despite the fact that theyre content sorts that seem comparable, theyre utilized for various purposes.Posts make up the center of your blog and are utilized for refreshes or slanting data. Each post has a distribute date. On your blog, they show up in an opposite sequential request, with your most recent post at the top. Posts support discussion with worked in remark alternatives and you can tag, arrange, and file posts on your WordPress blog.PostPageTimely contentTimeless contentArranged in turn around sequential orderHierarchicalCan be remembered for feedsNot remembered for feedsMostly utilized by essayists and editorsMostly utilized by adminsUsually sorted and taggedGenerally not classified or taggedOn the other hand, pages are what make up a site and contain data that is steady over some undefined time frame for example, aâ contact page or items page. They dont have an open distribute date and dont show up in a course of events like blog entries. They are progressive and you can compose them in any request you need, however you can't classify or tag them.Go to top7. Word processor and visual editorWordPress offers both of you various approaches to make and alter posts and pages visual and text. In the content tool, you can comp ose and alter HTML. Utilizing quicktag catches, you can likewise enclose a bit of chosen text by ordinarily utilized tags.On the other hand, you can't include or adjust HTML in the visual editorial manager. Be that as it may, it has a decent arrangement of designing choices that assist you with getting a reasonable thought of how your post will show up in the program (sort of like Microsoft Word). Its simple to switch between the two editors.Text EditorVisual EditorCan include or adjust HTMLCannot work with HTMLView content in text and HTML group WYSIWYGRemoves all organizing from glued contentDoes not evacuate formattingNeed to get familiarMore client friendlyGo to top8. Gadget and gadget areasWidgets are little, independent snippets of data that add substance and highlights to a site. These gadgets can just show up in explicit predefined gadget territories on the site, for example, sidebar or footer. You can’t utilize a gadget outside of a gadget area.WidgetsWidget AreasS elf contained bit of information that shows on websiteA pre-characterized region in site format to contain widgetCan exist just inside gadget areaProvides space for show of widgetBy default, WordPress accompanies a few gadgets (search, classifications) just as a gadget region for your topics sidebar. Modules and topics can give extra gadgets or make gadget zones on a website.Go to top9. Subject structures and buildersBoth topic systems and manufacturers assist you with building a custom site. What makes them distinctive is the client bunches they target.A system is proposed for use by engineers. It spares them the difficulty of composing subjects without any preparation by offering some instant code as a beginning point. Youll need coding aptitudes to work with frameworksFrameworkPage BuilderIntended for developersIntended for normal WordPress usersRequires coding skillsWorks by unimportant intuitive and choosing optionsIn differentiate, a manufacturer is for use by customary WordPr ess clients like you and me. It causes you make, alter, and modify your site design working off an easy to use interface, utilizing intuitive. No coding abilities are essential, and you canâ pick and pick components and control the manner in which every component shows up and functions.Go to top10. Topics and templatesThis WordPress glossary would not be finished without reference to subjects and layouts. A WordPress subject is a finished structure for a site. A format is a solitary design that is accessible inside a subject. A subject may contain various layouts for you to look over, and can likewise permit you to manufacture your own custom template.Some topics have unique formats, for example, full-width layouts for exceptional plan features.ThemeTemplateProvides structure for the whole websiteProvides plan for a solitary pageTheme can contain numerous templatesReverse isn't trueWhile a layout controls the presence of a solitary page, a topic applies to all the pages on a site. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you have the coding abilities, you can make your own custom templates.Go to topConfused by some other WordPress terms?That gathers together our WordPress glossary. In any case, that doesnt mean youre done learning!Have another WordPress expression that befuddles you? Leave a remark and well attempt to help enlighten things! We may even add it to the WordPress glossary. Become familiar with the importance of 10 regular #WordPress terms in this amateur amicable glossary

Developing Economies' Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Building up Economies' Issues - Essay Example Not exactly 50 years back, many immature nations like Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore which were among poor countries of the world; have made quick development, thrived and now they are among the wealthiest countries of the world. This is all because of some monetary changes their administrations have executed so as to make their nation a prosperous one. Any created country like the US, China, UK, Japan, Germany and so on has such policymakers who center around each potential approaches to get solid monetarily. They center around each angle that can include supportability in the economy; like wellbeing, framework, proficiency and instruction, expectations for everyday comforts, profitability and so on. Every one of these components join to frame a strong economy and an effective country. Presumably every country needs that its economy should get steady and solid, yet everybody isn't care for Chinese individuals who battled hard to accomplish their objectives and made a seat mark in efficient turn of events. India is likewise one of the creating countries. Over half of Indians are poor, however their economy is getting more grounded step by step. How is this all occurrence at any rate? The appropriate response is that the greater part a populace of Indians is languishing and yielding over their country.â People, for example, Indians who are for the most part identified with the farming area endure the most, as this segment gets the least pay when the remote speculation is being made in cosmopolitan urban areas. The foundation is being remade, the proficiency level is expanded in urban communities and there are more employment opportunities in huge urban areas when contrasted with the towns. Most work originates from in reverse territories on the grounds that there a re less open doors in their own environmental factors. Henceforth the work power in towns decline and eventually this area completely evaporates. Then again, when the economy of any nation gets sufficient, at that point it makes such imports which satisfy the necessities of horticulture in the nation. For instance, the topography of the US doesn't allow to have a huge farming segment, yet it imports every single such thing without troubling the economy or fixing charges on general society. So every third world country’s resident should make penances like those made by Indians, so as to make their nation financially steady. Right now, India is profoundly experiencing the Kuznets factors; there is so much financial disparity in the general public as the nation is growing, yet when India would be in the rundown of completely created countries, this imbalance will diminish when a specific measure of normal salary will be achieved.â

Sexual Appeals in Advertising and Their Effects on Consumers Free Essays

string(79) ladies are attracted to them, maybe with the craving of having goddess-like legs. Sex Appeal is one such strategy for separation that providers have seen and demonstrated as fruitful. By focusing on our fundamental carnal conduct, specifically the drive for sexual multiplication, firms have discovered that through a shrewdly structured message containing sex request, they can pull in and clutch consumers’ consideration, hence making it almost certain for shoppers to pick that specific item over another. Then again however,sexual substance may not be open and may even detrimentally affect brand data preparing. We will compose a custom paper test on Sexual Appeals in Advertising and Their Effects on Consumers or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Utilizing sex bid in publicizing is a tried and true method that will likely be with us for eternity. In the event that you are showcasing an item or administration, you should know about the intensity of sex offer in promoting and comprehend the subtleties of utilizing sex to advertise your products. What is sex claim in promoting? Requests using clear sexual data are basic in standard customer publicizing. Sex advance is unavoidable in promoting and is utilized with expanding recurrence. As advertisersseek out approaches to get through mess and cause to notice their messages, the utilization of explicitly situated interests have been utilized as a correspondence strategy . Past research for publicizing has reported that explicitly arranged interests are far reaching, ordinary, and expanding. Commonly, sex offers have changed along two significant measurements; nakedness and sexual expressness. The heightening use of sexual upgrades in publicizing demonstrates that organizations will promote such that most adequately moves the item. Also, sex sells; one just needs to peruse through well known magazines to acknowledge how amazing an apparatus sex is. Why Sex Sells: The most clear explanation sex bid works in publicizing is that it catches eye. The two guys and females are pulled in to this kind of promoting. It is a ground-breaking natural fascination that will take our concentration from whatever else we might be doing. What's more, publicists know this. They play off of our interest. They realize that it will be bound to be reviewed than most different types of requests in view of the produced intrigue. Likewise, numerous publicists have discovered that excessively dubious pictures, regardless of whether they are removed from the air, will work up conversations about the promotion and the item connected with it. Regardless of whether somebody doesn't concur with what is put on an advertisement, they are as yet discussing it. By those conversations being had, the name of your item remains in the brains of buyers longer. What to Be Careful of When Using Sex Appeal in Marketing: Make sure that individuals are not all that diverted by the sexual intrigue of the advertisement that they don't recollect what the promotion was for in any case. It doesn't do any great to make a sexy or sexual message when everything they can recollect is the picture and not the brand name. In this way, ensure the sexual/arousing picture being utilized is associated here and there to the item or administration being advanced. This will make a connection between the two and make the watcher substantially more prone to recall the item or administration being promoted. Numerous sponsors offer to guys along these lines purchase the item, get the young lady. Particularly lager ads for the most part, a gathering of normal looking folks will be in a bar and by buying or drinking a specific brand, they will pull in enthusiasm from an alluring young lady over the room. What is viewed as satisfactory differs starting with one area then onto the next. In an enormous metropolitan territory with a different, less moderate populace, you may be bound to deliver progressively scandalous promoting versus a provincial and traditionalist or strict network. Tailor the message to the individuals you are focusing on, which remembers understanding their emotions and convictions for open sexuality. In the event that you are setting up a business in a littler network, make a point to note what different organizations do to promote. Sex bid may not be a worthy type of bid by any means. It isn't as eye catching as it once might have been. There is as yet a component of shock, however don't believe that individuals will respond or react how they did when it was first being utilized. As we have become increasingly more encircled by sexual pictures in films and TV, we have gotten nearly desensitized to it, and a promotion with half-dressed models doesn't about stun us as much as it would have twenty years back. Along these lines, rather than simply having a gathering of provocative young ladies or folks in a promotion, attempt to discover progressively unobtrusive and startling approaches to utilize sexuality in your message. Pigeon did this by utilizing â€Å"real people† in their advertising efforts that began a couple of years prior. They utilized the various types of excellence, body shape, and age to advance their items. This unforeseen crusade, which debuted during the Super Bowl, was very effective in light of the fact that it was something else that they were associated with doing. Sex claim can be utilized from numerous points of view. To put it plainly, ensure that the manner in which you are utilizing it is fitting for the item that you are selling and the individuals you are offering it to. Amy Bax is keen on giving imaginative instructive assets to business people. She is at present a MBA understudy at the University of Missouri †Columbia. We’re encompassed by notices that frantically go after our consideration. Wherever we look, we wind up unavoidably attracted to pictures of insufficiently clad alluring people that should some way or another motivate us to buy items they embrace. Without a doubt, this enticing methodology is well known. Is sex offer successful? Sex offer can build the viability of a promotion or business since it pulls in the customer’s consideration. It’s human instinct to be interested about sex. A couple of long legs on an announcement is bound to catch (and hold) a guy’s consideration than a doggy, paying little heed to how charming it might be. Indeed, even ladies are attracted to them, maybe with the craving of having goddess-like legs. You read Sexual Appeals in Advertising and Their Effects on Consumers in class Article models However, abuse of sex advance can be exorbitant. Numerous battles considered hostile have begun brand blacklists that influence deals and harm brand notoriety. Abercrombie Fitch has been associated with a few outrages, the most recent from their latest index entitled â€Å"XXX Wet, Hot Summer Fun. † On April 18, 2002, just seven days after the inventory hit the stores, the Illinois State Senate passed a goals censuring AF’s promoting strategies. This goals, supported by a few not-for-profit associations, proposes residents and investors blacklist Abercrombie’s items and to stand firm against the company’s advertising procedures. Albeit hot pictures in inventories are not in the least remarkable, â€Å"XXX Wet, Hot Summer Fun† highlighted bare young men and young ladies skipping in characteristic settings. Not exactly suitable for a clothing index focused at young people. Sex in promoting has blended contention for a long time, a promoter must be cautious while joining it in a crusade. Extraordinary publicists consider not just the eye-catching intensity of an ad or business, yet in addition what sort of passionate reaction it incites in clients. Studies show that the engaging quality of the embracing model incites positive reactions. Nakedness and realistic sensual substance, while as yet expanding consumer’s consideration, doesn’t truly produce positive sentiments among watchers. As it were, sponsors must be mindful so as to keep away from the â€Å"cheap shot,† which may adversely influence a brand’s picture. To maintain a strategic distance from that, the sexual substance in promoting must be fitting to the item classification and have an appropriate hidden message. One spot, called â€Å"The Premature Pour,† shows a lovely tempting lady emptying Heineken into a glass. At the point when a person over the bar reacts by pouring his own, he apprehensively pours excessively quick and spills froth everywhere throughout the table and himself. The sexual substance is verifiable, yet immediate. The sexual reference in this and different spots in the crusade worked, making deals rise 13% in the initial two fourth of 2002. Notwithstanding, Steve Davis (VP of promoting in Heineken USA), guarantees that, â€Å"Provocative is an excellent spot to be, as long as we’re not fiery. Be that as it may, the spots additionally work for an alternate explanation. From the slogan to the plot, they are about a longing for Heineken. Our promotions make the lager the legend. † Sex sells, indeed, however just when utilized â€Å"in great taste. † As advertisers we should think not just in getting customers’ consideration for the present moment, yet additionally in building a brand notoriety that will yield long haul results. The positive jobs of sex claim in publicizing: One may ask ‘why do sponsors advance sex advance? ’ The appropriate response in its most perfect structure is thatit functions admirably as a rule and as indicated by Bumler (1999), most promoting officials usesex claim as the most impressive weapon in their stockpile and in this way they utilize realistic pictures to get and clutch audiences’ consideration. From a showcasing viewpoint, sexual intrigue possibly invaluable for the basic explanation that they go after fundamental natural impulses and therefore, a mind boggling inspirational factor, which is an attractive credit to get through mess. Notices that stand out have the improved probability to influence persuasion,especially in an immersed media condition embodied by aloof review introduction. Various research considers have uncovered that sexual intrigue, when utilized in publicizing are eye catching, affable, exciting, impact prompting, significant, and to some degree increasingly able to expand enthusiasm for the point promoted in contrast with non-sexual intrigue. Sex claim

Unexpected Expectations Pip Becomes a Different Kind of Gentleman in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations - Literature Essay Samples

In Great Expectations, Charles Dickens presents a social commentary that dramatizes the role Victorian society plays in shaping the lives of its members. In particular, the novel addresses how society shapes the definition of the gentleman and, more specifically, how it shapes PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s desire to become a gentleman. Dickens intends the novel to be more than simply the story of PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s expectations; he also intends it to deliver a message about the expectations of society as a whole. Through the behaviors of various characters in the novel, Dickens delivers his satire on the values of society. He purposely sets up the heroic characters as the ones who are basically unconcerned with the demands of society, thereby reinforcing his mistrust of societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s values. Joe is the most admirable character in the novel because he is more concerned with humanistic matters than with social ones; he places more importance on his meaningful relationships with others than on social advancement. By the end of the novel, Pip arrives at the conclusion that societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s requirements of a gentleman are not necessarily indicative of true gentlemanliness. He realizes the detrimental effects of his ambition on his life and on his relationship with Joe, and he discovers that he has the best role model possible in the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"gentle Christian manÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 421). Pip becomes a different kind of gentleman than he previously desired to become. In allowing PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s life to go in the direction it does, Dickens reinforces the idea that a conscience is a more important quality in a gentleman than social or financial improvement.Dickens does not intend the novel to be merely the story of an individual, but as the title suggests, he intends it to be thematic for society as a whole. While the titles of several of DickensÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€ šÃ‚€Ã‚™ other novels focus solely on particular individuals, the title of Great Expectations suggests a universal theme. By naming the novel as he does, Dickens ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"reaches beyond Pip to suggest the expectations of a whole societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Gilmour 112). Pip is deluded by society into pursuing a more worldly life than the forge can offer him. The delusion of individuals like Pip ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"reflects a larger mania: [. . .] a rise of unprecedented importance that made self-satisfaction irresistible and self-scrutiny unpatrioticÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Meckier 545). In nineteenth century England, self-satisfaction is dependent on the attainment of a prominent social status according to Victorian societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s standards. Criticism of these values in society was considered inappropriate. DickensÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ satire is built upon the foundation that societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s means for self-satisfaction are not entirely accurate. As Pip illustrates, true self-satisfaction is reflected in a moral conscience rather than in the attainment of worldly possessions. By dedicating his attention to worldly values, Pip betrays the morality that is in his heart from the beginning. Pip is unable to secure any fulfillment from his progress as a gentleman; he is a most miserable being until he returns to his moral conscience and childhood values.Dickens uses Great Expectations to express social ironies that exist during the nineteenth century; in doing so, he delivers ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"what is in many ways his most profound commentary on Victorian civilisation and its valuesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Gilmour 107). Throughout the novel, Dickens satirically ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"equates the impulse toward self-improvement with base cravings for social and material advance[ment]ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Meckier 543). A central theme of the novel is that social and fina ncial advancement are not necessarily indicative of self-improvement. Upward social mobility can be, as in PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s case, as self-destructing as it is self-improving. Dickens reveals the shallowness of the VictoriansÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ requirements of a gentleman: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"to become better off, not a better personÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Meckier 543).Great Expectations fuses PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s individual story with a social indictment. Dickens uses the story of PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s expectations to illustrate the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"natural unconditioned life of the heart and the socially destructive process which weakens and distorts it, transforming instinct into calculation, human love into manipulation, generosity into greed, [and] spontaneity into shame and ambitionÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Hardy 21). As illustrated through his childhood, Pip is a tenderhearted soul; his ambitiousness, however, leads to greed and unkindness. Dickens employs the story of PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s expectations to highlight various ways in which society destroys the conscience and replaces it with inconsiderate social ambitiousness.Herbert Pocket is the first societal gentleman with whom Pip comes into contact. Upon their first encounter, Pip identifies Herbert as a pale young gentleman and ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"comes face to face with a version of the person he wants to beÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Frank 158). During PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s pursuit of his expectations, Herbert instructs him on how to behave with the air of gentility, and Pip is certain of HerbertÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s status as a gentleman. Ironically, however, not even the pale young gentleman is able to rise ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"by his own exertions. He would never have become a capitalist [. . .] without MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s capital, which Pip uses as a downpayment for his roomm ateÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s partnershipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Meckier 553). PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s desire to use a portion of his financial expectations to help Herbert evokes the goodness that remains in his heart. At the same time, however, it cannot be ignored that Pip chooses to help Herbert because he holds a place in upper-class society that Joe does not. Although it is true that Joe would refuse to accept money from Pip, it is also true that Pip could help him without his knowledge in the same manner as he provides for Herbert. The fact that Pip chooses to provide anonymous financial support to Herbert instead of Joe demonstrates the effects of society on his priorities.The idea of the gentleman is one that plays a predominant role throughout the entirety of the novel. During the nineteenth century, a significant degree of ambiguity surrounded the Victorian idea of what constitutes a gentleman. The uncertainty that made defining a gentleman difficult was sig nificant to the Victorians because it made available opportunities for outsiders to attain the status. Social mobility and the accessibility of the gentlemanly status were appealing largely because they provided lower-class citizens with a status toward which they could aspire. Perhaps the most fascinating element of the gentleman for the Victorians, however, was the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"subtle and shifting balance between social and moral attributesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Gilmour 4). The Victorian concept of the gentleman equally combines the qualities of gentleness and manliness. The problematic aspect of this definition involves ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"knowing what weight to give to ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚˜gentleÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ in its meaning of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚˜gentle birthÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ and what to its more modern sense of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚˜tenderÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (86). If the majority of the definitionÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s weight is attributed to gentle birth, lower-class Victorians have no chance of attaining the status; on the other hand, if tenderness is weighted more heavily, even simple Joe Gargery embodies the possibility of becoming a gentleman.The novel can be perceived as a ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"satire on snobberyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Newsom 147). The word never appears in the novel, but in his social ambitiousness, Pip comments on his unfaithfulness to Joe. He expresses guilt at forsaking his true self and his life at the forge in pursuit of something he has been deceived into believing is more admirable. Until he discovers that Magwitch is his benefactor, however, Pip fails to understand the extent of his ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"desertion of Joe [. . . and] his metamorphoses into a shallow snobÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dabney 141). Dickens does not endorse Victorian class divisions, and he ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"constantly undermines [th e divisions in PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s mind]; he is not concerned to justify PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s rise in station but rather to suggest and analyse the guilt, the inhibition, [and] the personal betrayals which this involvesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Gimour 116). Based on Matthew PocketÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s interpretations, Pip is not equipped to become a true gentleman because ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"no man who was not a true gentleman at heart, ever was, since the world began, a true gentleman in manner. He says, no varnish can hide the grain of the wood; and that the more varnish you put on, the more the grain will express itselfÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 177). Perhaps Mr. PocketÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s behavior is hypocritical to his views on the gentleman because he encourages PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s pursuit by tutoring him in a gentlemanÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s education.Previous to his interactions with Miss Havisham and Estell a, Pip has no knowledge of class divisions. He is completely satisfied with his life at the forge until Estella shuns him and leads him to believe that he does not deserve to be in her company and is not worthy of her affection. The result of EstellaÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s snobbery is PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s ambitious desire to become a gentleman that leads him to betray himself and the values he has adopted from Joe during his childhood. With the exception of Joe and Biddy, everyone in PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s life encourages him to better himself according to societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s standards. Even Mrs. Joe, who has brought Pip up by hand, is thrilled when he goes to visit Miss Havisham because she hopes Miss Havisham will help Pip to advance.Going to Miss HavishamÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s, however, opens up an entirely new realm of life to Pip and fosters an intense ambition within him. Estella scorns his commonness, and she quickly be comes the motivation behind his obsession with becoming a gentleman. Under the direction of Miss Havisham, Estella has become the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"exact opposite of an angel-in-the-house [. . .] Instead of internalizing her suffering, as was expected of a good Victorian woman, she inflicts suffering on menÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Ayres 90). EstellaÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s comments at their first meeting excite a kind of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"self-conscious shameÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? in Pip and facilitate his desire to become a gentleman (Newsom 148). Immediately thereafter, Pip reflects, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"That was a memorable day to me, for it made great changes in meÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 84). From that day forward, PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s perceptions of the world and his place in it are significantly altered.PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"subjectivity [is] shapedÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? through a process that begins when Estella calls him ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"commonÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Frank 155). She becomes the primary factor motivating his selfish behavior because he believes that he must become a gentleman in order to have a place in her world. In her presence, Pip feels inadequate. She treats his as an unnecessary person, and the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"painful rebuff he perceives in EstellaÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s face and words provides further Impetus to Pip to fashion a selfÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Frank 155). Estella immediately begins to play an indispensable role in PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s conception of himself. His entire personality changes as a result of his visits to Satis House; he ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"proceeds to strike out from the chain of his life those days that tend to subvert the idea of the gentlemanÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? he has acquired through EstellaÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s comments (Frank 160). When she mocks his coarse hands, Pip b ecomes conscious of his body for the first time and immediately takes the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"opportunity [. . .] to look at [his] coarse hands and [his] common boots. [His] opinion of those accessories was not favourable. They had never troubled [him] before, but they troubled [him] now as vulgar appendagesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 75). Satis House and the world for which it stands lead Pip to envision a new life for himself; in doing so, he selfishly rejects any allusion to his life at the forge.Ultimately, the new life Pip attempts to create for himself is built upon nothing but an intense desire to become a gentleman. The conscience that formerly motivated his behavior is unable to compete with the ambition that consumes him in his pursuit of his expectations. PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s idea of a gentleman, however, is ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"ill conceived and naively developed. It rests on a contemptible snobbery, which leads Pip to repudiate the best m an he has ever knownÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Buckley 51). It does not occur to Pip that a gentleman should be ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"tolerant, open to new ideas, devoted to the free play of the intellect, sympathetic, [or] considerate of the feelings of othersÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (52). To Pip, his status as a gentleman is dependent on EstellaÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s approval of him. Estella is a shallow individual, and through her influence, Pip becomes shallow as well.In the midst of his relentlessly selfish pursuit of a gentlemanly status, nonetheless, Pip ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"retains enough judgment to be frequently dissatisfied with his conductÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (57). Pip is remorseful about his behavior: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"It is a most miserable thing to feel ashamed of homeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 113). By the end of the novel, he has realized his mistakes and is able to regain his self-respect and the autonomy he has relinquished to Miss Havisham a nd Estella and to the idea of himself they have fostered in his mind. At this point, he ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"ceases merely to be the puppet of his own desires and of the desires of others [and] begins to accept responsibility for his suppression of the pastÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Frank 174). At last, Pip understands that Joe is the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"one feature in his life that does not changeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (180). Pip discovers the quality of the role model he has from the beginning in the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"gentle Christian manÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 421).Various characters in the novel can be perceived as ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"signpostsÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? for PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s progress: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"the provocation of Miss Havisham, the lure of Estella, the example of Herbert Pocket, the horror of Magwitch, [and] the integrity of JoeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Bradbury 94-95). PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s progress be gins with the foundation of urgent ambition and is realized by the remorseful desire to bring back the past. Upon their first encounter, Miss Havisham provokes Pip into a desire to please Estella, and Estella lures him into pursuing her although she knows the result of such a pursuit will be nothing less than catastrophic for him. When Pip begins to pursue his expectations, Herbert provides an example for him as he attempts to become a gentleman in manner as well as in wealth. Magwitch horrifies Pip on two levels: negative and positive. As a child on the marshes, Pip is horrified by MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s criminality; as an adult, Pip is again horrified when Magwitch reveals his identity as his benefactor. The positive aspect of PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s horrification occurs when MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s sincerity forces Pip to understand the extent of his horrifyingly cruel behavior toward Joe. JoeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s integrity brin gs Pip back to his roots and allows him to finally become a gentleman in the most admirable sense of the word.JoeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s goodness is certainly ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"radically unworldlyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dabney 128). Joe is unconcerned with the worldÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s value system, and ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"his only ambition is moral; he means to do right. He is a great simplifier ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€ ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚˜lies is liesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€ and reduces all dilemmas to moral issuesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dabney 128). In direct opposition to PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s superficial education, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"JoeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s scholarship [. . .] is of a kind that allows the perception of true valueÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Raina 113). During his childhood, Pip appreciates JoeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s goodness and recalls ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"looking up to Joe in [his] heartÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 64). As he begins to be consumed with ambition, however, he finds himself feeling ashamed of Joe and wishing Joe was ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"better qualified for a rise in stationÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (150).In addition to a commentary on the VictorianÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s destructive idea of self-help, a secondary commentary Dickens dramatizes through the novel addresses the idea of criminality in Victorian society. To the Victorians, it was unacceptable to admit faults in the society of nineteenth century England. Ironically, the money that enables Pip to pursue his expectations is provided by Magwitch, an exiled criminal; the money, therefore comes ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"from the underworld ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€ literally the underworld of Australia where he has made his money, and symbolically from the social underworld of violent crimeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Gilmour 116). Dickens intentionally chooses Magwitch as PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ €šÃ‚€Ã‚™s benefactor instead of Miss Havisham in order to set up a framework of criminality that ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"touch[es] the very nerve of a characteristic mid-Victorian dilemmaÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (124). This dilemma involves the unresolved debate about the acceptability of an individual whose gentlemanliness is attributable to the money of a criminal. Another aspect of the dilemma focuses on the question of whether a criminal who becomes rich, educated, and polite can be acknowledged as a gentleman. Through the relationship between Pip and Magwitch, Dickens delivers the message that ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"criminality and civilisation [. . .] are not warring opposites but intimately and inextricably bound togetherÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (138). PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s repulsion at violence is part of what leads him to desire to become a gentleman. Ironically, the violence he has attempted to escape ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"provides the ultimate t ouchstone for the values and social position he has embracedÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (139).As an ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"important agent in the conversion of Pip, [. . . Magwitch] ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"first exacerbates and then exorcizes [PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s] pride and ingratitudeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Hardy 46). The expectations Magwitch makes available to Pip promote PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s transformation into an inconsiderate and selfish climber on the social ladder. MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s heart-felt devotion to Pip, however, facilitates his return to his former kind and appreciative self. Edward Said points out that ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s delinquency is expiated [. . .] after Pip redemptively acknowledges his debt to the [. . .] vengeful convictÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Said 526). When Magwitch dies, Pip suffers a physical collapse; upon his recovery, he is a changed man who emerges ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚â‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Å"not as an idle gentleman but as a hardworking traderÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (526). Arthur Adrian regards PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"collapse and coma as the symbolic death of the character created by MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€?; essentially, the self-centered Pip dies with his creator (Adrian 90). As he recovers, Pip sheds his ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"false pride, his shame over his humble background, [and] his ambition to be a gentlemanÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (90). Pip finally realizes that ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"true gentility [. . .] resides in an unselfish respect for others,ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? a value that Joe represents from the beginning, but Pip fails to recognize because he is blinded by ambition (90).In the scene during which Magwitch professes his role as PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s benefactor, Magwitch proudly proclaims, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"Yes, Pip, dear boy, IÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ve made a gentleman on youà ƒÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 297). MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s use of the word on as opposed to of is significant because it foreshadows that a ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"better Pip awaits withinÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Vogel 96). Essentially, PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s transformation into a selfish snob is both temporary and superficial. His inward goodness is weakened, but not destroyed; in the end, it is strengthened enough to take over his conscience once again. Although MagwitchÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s sense of vengeance nearly destroys Pip, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"his love is ultimately the agent of PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s redemptionÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Buckley 49). When Pip is able show feeling for his convict, he demonstrates that he is a true gentleman:For now, my repugnance to him had all melted away, and in the hunted wounded shackled creature who held my hand in his, I only saw a man who had meant to be my benefactor, and who had felt aff ectionately, gratefully, and generously toward me with great constancy through a series of years. I only saw in him a much better man than I had been to Joe. (Dickens 406)His existence as a gentleman, however, is not what he expects. Ironically, he achieves a more fulfilling status because he learns to value conscientious morality above financial prosperity.In the Victorian society, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"money is what counts, but making money is vulgar; a genteel young man must have wealth to begin with or acquire it passivelyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dabney 137-38). Under these guidelines, Pip has no possibility of becoming a gentleman if he continues to work as a blacksmith under JoeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s direction. Magwitch understands societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s necessitation that a gentleman be idle, and he ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"lived rough, that [Pip] should live smooth; [he] worked hard, that [Pip] should be above workÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Dickens 297 ). The opposing worlds of Satis House and the forge are contrasted throughout the novel. The forge is representative of a ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"set of values [. . .] based on honest workÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€?; Satis House, on the other hand, is dominated by closure (Bradbury 52). These characteristics are also embodied in Joe and Miss Havisham who are presented as juxtaposing role models for Pip. Joe ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"reorders any conventional scales of valuesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€?; his values are based entirely on morality and are in no way influenced by the conventions of society (Bradbury 94). While Pip temporarily prefers the values of Miss Havisham and Estella, he eventually develops a ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"mark of mature human valuesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? and longs to return to the forge and Joe (74).Mr. Wemmick is another character through which Dickens delivers a satire on society. Wemmick leads two completely different lives at work and at home. At work, he is uptight, serious, and stern; at home, he is carefree, jolly, and kindhearted. Dickens uses WemmickÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s multifaceted character to illustrate a preference for the qualities embodied in the moral life of Wemmick at his castle. Essentially, Wemmick is the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"perfect realization of the separation of private and public spheresÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Newsom 153). Through WemmickÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s castle, Dickens intends to epitomize comfort, but also to proclaim that comfort necessarily must exist in alienation from the Victorian society. Therefore, as Pip discovers, true fulfillment cannot be attained in the midst of a superficial society.With PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"sincerity of confession [, Dickens] reenshrine[s] the social value of free human interaction, and reestablish[es] nonexploitative relatedness as the essence of what it means to be humanÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? and therefore what is necessary to be a gentleman (Raina 127). By the end of the novel, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"Pip (and Dickens) separate the word ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚˜gentlemanÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ into its classless elements, the gentle man who, living by the Christian ideals of love and forgiveness, is the one type of gentlemanliness which the novel at the end unequivocally affirmsÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? (Gilmour 143). PipÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s surpassing into gentlemanliness takes on an unexpected form, and he acquires a different identity than he anticipates. Ultimately, Pip becomes a different kind of gentleman than the one he aspires to become, and he is able to do so in spite of societyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s intentions for him. Ironically, Pip discovers that the gentleman he has become is far better than the one he attempted to become. By the end of the novel, Pip recognizes true gentility as an ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"unselfish respect for othersÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€š €? (Adrian 90). In doing so, Pip fulfills his Bildung and Dickens reinforces his preference for a moral conscience as a more important quality in a gentleman than social or financial prosperity.Works CitedAdrian, Arthur. Dickens and the Parent-Child Relationship. Athens: Ohio UP, 1984.Ayres, Brenda. Dissenting Women in DickensÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ Novels: The Subversion of Domestic Ideology. Westport, CT: Greenwood P, 1998.Bradbury, Nicola. Charles DickensÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ Great Expectations. Critical Studies of Key Texts. New York: St. MartinÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s P, 1990.Buckley, Jerome Hamilton. Season of Youth: The Bildungsroman from Dickens to Golding. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1974.Dabney, Ross. Love and Property in the Novels of Dickens. Berkeley: U of California P, 1967.Dickens, Charles. Great Expectations. 1860-61. Ed. Janice Carlisle. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism. New York: St. MartinÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s P, 1996. 23-439.Frank, Lawrence. Charles Dickens and the Romantic Self. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1984.Gilmour, Robin. The Idea of the Gentleman in the Victorian Novel. London: George Allen Unwin, 1981.Hardy, Barbara. The Moral Art of Dickens. New York: Oxford UP, 1970.Meckier, Jerome. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"Great Expectations and Self-Help: Dickens Frowns on Smiles.ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? Journal of English and Germanic Philology 100 (October 2001): 537-54.Newsom, Robert. Charles Dickens Revisited. New York: Twayne, 2000.Raina, Badri. Dickens and the Dialectic of Growth. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1986.Said, Edward. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚ÂÅ"Two Commentaries on Great Expectations: From Deconstruction to Postcolonialism.ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€? Charles DickensÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™ Great Expectations. Ed. Janice Carlisle. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism. New York: St. MartinÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ‚€Ã‚™s P, 1996. 518-26.Vogel, Jane. Allegory in Dickens. Un iversity: U of Alabama P, 1977.

Racial Discrimination And The Criminal Justice System

Although saying the criminal justice system is racist is a controversial statement, there is evidence and statistics that prove it to be true. Research and evidence validate the issue of racism to be undeniable. Equality and justice are out of reach with the racism that takes place in our criminal justice system and our country. Racial discrimination is prevalent amongst the African American culture in issues regarding drug use, and incarceration which creates unfair inequality for this race. I will use peer reviewed articles to verify the racial disparity in the criminal justice system. The first article I am going to focus on, Foreword: Addressing the Real World of Racial Injustice in the Criminal Justice System, was written by Donna Coker . Primarily, the article talks about the statistical evidence of in justice regarding racial profiling in policing and imprisonment. Official incarceration data speaks for itself when it shows that although African Americans make up twelve percent of the U.S. population, they make up of almost half of the population incarcerated for crimes (Coker, 2003). Researchers with the Bureau of Justice Statistics estimate that twenty-eight percent of African Americans will be imprisoned at one point in their life (Coker, 2003). A study conducted by the Sentencing Project reports that nearly one in three African American men between the ages of twenty and twenty-nine are under the supervision of the criminal justice system on any given day (CokerShow MoreRelatedRacial Discrimination And The Criminal Justice System1725 Words   |  7 Pages Racial discrimination is defines as racism that implicates the credence in racial differences, which acts as a justification for non-equal treatment of members of that race. 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McCleskey was presumably charged with the murder of an officer in Kemp, whichRead MoreThe Bearing of Race and Ethnicity in the Criminal Justice System1285 Words   |  5 Pagesto whether or not race and ethnicity have a bearing on an individual’s treatment in the criminal justice system for many years. I will be arguing that race and ethnicity do in fact, have a bearing on one’s treatment in the criminal justice system. I will be backing up my position on this topic by providing evidence from five scholarly articles. My first source is African Americans and the Criminal Justice system by Phyllis Gray-Ray, Melvin C. Ray, Sandra Rutland, and Sharon Turner. The authors’ hypothesisRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Racism Analysis1348 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee wrote, â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† during a racial period in her home state of Alabama. This was when the South was still segregated, forcing blacks to use separate facilities apart from those used by whites. The Civil Rights movement started to become more active when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955. During this period, Martin Luther King, Jr., became the leader of the movement, and the issue began to gain serious national attention. This isRead MoreRacial Impact Statements : Considering The Consequences Of Racial Disproportionalities On The Criminal Justice System964 Words   |  4 Pagestitled, Racial Impact Statements: Considering the Consequences of Racial Disproportionalit ies in the Criminal Justice System, the article addresses how the American Criminal justice system has been suffering from the dramatic increase in mass incarceration and the uneven rates of racial disproportionalities and disparities. These disproportionate impacts with minorities within the criminal justice system are all impacted from neutral laws, policies and practices. Statements made with racial impactRead MoreCriminal Justice: Racial Disparity and Discrimination and O.J. Simpson768 Words   |  4 PagesCriminal law is based on the principle of actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea. The principle is to the extent that a man is not guilty of his acts, actus in the absence of a guilty conscience, mens rea (Gardner, 2009). To this end, criminal law justice provides that the person alleging the commission of a crime must proof beyond reasonable doubt that the accused person(s) possessed mens rea, if the court is to hold a criminal liability against the accused. In the case of People of the State ofRead MoreRacial Discrimination807 Words   |  4 Pagessubject to racial discrimination for decades. In the United States, racial prejudice in the criminal justice system has had a profound effect on the lives of African-Americans and Hispanics. From policing to trial to sentencing, racism against minorities occurs throughout the entire process in the criminal justice system. This research paper will outline some of the aspects and evidence of racial discrimination in the criminal justice system. ​Keywords: criminal justice, discrimination, profilingRead MoreLatino And Hispanic : The United States And Latin America1267 Words   |  6 Pagesyouth in the U.S. justice system, focuses on the Latinos community residing in the United States and Latin America. Primarily, the research focuses on Latino/a youths in the criminal justice system. Furthermore, the research report discusses Latino communities are getting differential treatment than other racial and ethnic communities from the United States criminal justice system. The research report has many case studies and story of incidences of Latino/a youths facing racial and ethnic disparities

Network Security and Firewall Technology †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Network Security and Firewall Technology. Answer: Introduction: In this article, Sheng, HuiShan, and Xuekui (2016) propose a structural representation for virus concealment depending on cloud computing technology. The author analyzes the conventional virus exposure techniques which cant efficiently destroy the new kind of viruses and malevolent software like Trojans, worms, etc. They pertained a novel distributed CFO algorithm, PIF algorithm, and maximum independent set algorithm in cloud computing for effectively exposing and describing the restrictive prompt characteristic of virus and malware. The article would be useful to network users as it provides discussions on the invariable characteristic analysis technique depending on cloud computing and enhancement in the virus and malware exposure proportion when contrasted with the distinct computer system. The main limitation of the article is the synchronization drawback of each and every virtual machine connection. In this article, Ahmed and Nader (2016) exploited the fuzzy logic m-file in Mat lab for the defence assessment of wireless networks. After studying the existing algorithms, the author proposed a new fusion system procedure for wireless network security. They executed a relative study in between the symmetric algorithms DES, AES, and 3DES. They also assessed the conventional procedure, novel algorithm, clock cipher algorithm, and recommended algorithm in order to emphasize the safety point of proposed algorithm. In this article, it is proved that the hybrid model is very complicated than the traditional procedure for safety and elevated accomplishment in the wireless network. The main limitation of the article is that the network security is limited based on the proposed algorithm in the network valuation. In this article, Lily Dong and Yuanzhen Peng (2012) have taken the firewall technology as the main network security technique. Since the authors discovered in practical that already prevailing firewall technology rallies the present network security requirement with some complexity. This article is based on the authors concrete awareness on firewall technology methodologies and firewall categorization. In this article, the authors converses the restrictions of the firewall itself since it does not go through firewalls attachment, if it is secured in the network system by means of SLIP and PPP precisely with the Internet coupled interior user, will then leads to a concealed risk. The firewall technology used in this article assures that the safety of the network is enough in a definite network progress situation and performs according to the insisted objective to implement the equivalent security procedure. In this article, Saudi, Faizal, Selamat, Fadhlee, and Ramzi (2017) have discussed the most emerging threat Botnet which aims most of the clients network of computers. Many experiments are carried out on the botnets and methods to spot the botnets in network traffic. In this article, the authors selected a noteworth characteristic for boosting the exactness of botnet concealment. Existing experiments aims only on the botnet detection techniques and do not expose the objective apart from the choice. In this paper, the authors disclose the manipulating ability in botnet exposure by utilizing arithmetical methodology. The experimental output received by the authors exhibits about 91% precision that is almost tolerable for employing the influence aspect in exposing botnet movement. In this paper, Lekha and Ganapathi proposed a hybrid invasion recognition procedure for finding the damage in the traffic pattern of network. The authors incorporated misuse detection in which the network traffic pattern is divided into known and unknown threat and anomaly detection models. In this article, the incorporated anomaly detection model divides the not identified threat as normal data set and unknown threat for enhancing the accomplishment of usual traffic activity. The author carried out the research by making use of NSL KDD dataset and the accomplishment of the new method is contrasted with the conventional finding methods through training period, analysis time, detection percentage, and false positive ratio. The limitation of the paper is that it detects only 52% percentage of the unknown threats. References: Sheng,Z., HuiShan,H., XueKui, S. (2016). Research on Computer Network Virus Defense Technology in Cloud Technology Environment. International Journal of Security and Its Applications, 10(3), 449-460. Ahmed, S., Nader, M. (2016). New Algorithm for Wireless Network Communication Security. International Journal on Cryptography and Information Security, 6(4), 11-19. Dong, L., Peng, Y. (2012). Network Security and Firewall Technology. International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering, 53(2), 35-60. Saudi, M., Faizal, M.A., Selamat, S.R., Fadhlee, M.D., Ramzi, W.Y (2017). Revealing the future influence in HTTP Botnet Detection. International Journal of Communication networks and information security, 9(2), 50-70. Lekha, J., Ganapathi, P. (2017). Detection of illegal traffic pattern using Hybrid Improved CART and Multiple Extreme Learning Machine Approach. International Journal of communication networks and information security, 9(2), 40-65.

Understanding the IB Extended Essay Mathematics

Understanding the IB Extended Essay MathematicsStudents who have taken the IB Extended Essay Mathematics topic might be interested in knowing about the number of choices available for the assignment. It is important that students who are concentrating on the economics topics should be aware of the number of math topics that they can choose from when doing the math that they are studying.The economics topics that are available for students to choose from include students can study topics such as public goods, markets, prices, scarcity, distribution, transactions, marginal utility, preferences, social choice, competition, and agency problems. Students should also know that the IB Extended Essay Mathematics topic does not limit the student to a single choice. They can choose from a wide variety of topics such as market failures, public goods, and regulations.A lot of the advanced topics that students can study are competition, the differences between institutional and spontaneous orders , the causes of social order and interaction, the alternatives of imperfect markets, legal rules, financial markets, and the institutional framework. Students who study these topics will be able to discover why many of the changes in the economy are coming from private sectors. The IB Extended Essay Mathematics topics will be very interesting to the students if they choose the topics that allow them to study the complex information related to price theory. It is because the students will be able to learn more about the economic system that is changing and developing each year.Students who are trying to decide what they can study and which specific topic to take will be happy to know that the IB Extended Essay Mathematics course provides them with an opportunity to choose from a variety of Economics subjects. The teachers can help the students decide which topic is best suited for them by showing them the different topics available for the students to choose from. The IB Extended Ess ay Mathematics has many other subjects that are designed to teach the students to develop their analytical skills.It is always important for students to know that the IB Extended Essay Mathematics course is a continuing education and study course. In order to help the students, the IB Extended Essay Mathematics will provide the students with free tutoring to help them in choosing the topic that they want to study. Many students are finding that this helps them in better understanding the topics.To help the students in their decision making process, the IB Extended Essay Mathematics will provide the students with both books and free tutorials on the topics that they want to study. By having access to many advanced math subjects that they will be able to know about, students will be able to understand the importance of the topics that they are studying. The IB Extended Essay Mathematics will provide the students with the resources that they need to achieve their goals.Teachers will be able to help the students to choose the topic that they want to study with the IB Extended Essay Mathematics by providing them with many resources that are available to the students. They will be able to access the topics that are written by the authors of the course in the course catalog. Students will also be able to access videos on the videos and the other topics that they want to study.The IB Extended Essay Mathematics will also provide the students with the resources that will help them in the problem solving that is required in the course. The problems are designed to test the students to see if they can solve the problem correctly. After the students complete the task, they will be given a grade that will be based on the question that they need to answer.